Review of literature on water pollution in india.
Review of literature on water pollution in india 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Water pollution is a serious problem in India because the safe drinking water is decreasing at an alarming rate.
"Pollution and Biomonitoring of Indian Rivers Review of Literature – Shodhganga various types of water pollution and the major sources and control of pollution.
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It is a well-known fact that clean water is absolutely essential for healthy living.
Learning lessons for the London 2012 …Physico-chemical parameters for testing of water – A review Patil.
P.N, Sawant.
D.V, Deshmukh.
R.N 1195 International Journal of Environmental Sciences Volume 3 thesis statement for a paper on the death penalty No Although inhabited and remote, South Sentinel island is covered with plastic!

Odisha: Heat wave, water scarcity claim 34 lives; mercury rises to 47 degree.
The state is witnessing temperature as high as 47 degree Celsius in many districts.
Many areas have reported acute shortage of drinking water.
The maximum number of deaths have been reported from Kurda.
Over the years, the temperatures have reached as high as 50 degrees Celsius.
The combined result is severe scarcity of drinking water in several areas.
Wild animals are coming to villages for food and water.
These problems are especially affecting Titlagarh in Bolangir district of Odisha, where mercury touched 47 degree Celsius.
Bhubaneswar also saw decline in temperature by over two degree Celsius providing much needed respite to people.
Humidity also fell in the city.

World Environment Day: India’s water crisis is dirty, damaging.
1/8 Contaminated with sewage and other industrial waste, more than half of India’s rivers are polluted and pose a threat to quality of water and aquatic life .
Being the second most populous nation in the world, roughly half of the country’s population still practices open defecation and eighty percent of sewage flows untreated directly into the rivers, polluting the main sources of drinking water.
With high levels of contamination in the water bodies, many cities in India are likely to face a serious shortage of clean water in the years to come.
With World Environment day being celebrated across the globe, highlighting and creating awareness regarding environmental issues is a must on a global level.
(REUTERS) Contaminated with sewage and other industrial waste, more than half of India’s rivers are polluted and pose a threat to quality of water and aquatic life .
Being the second most populous nation in the world, roughly half of the country’s population still practices open defecation and eighty percent of sewage flows untreated directly into the rivers, polluting the main sources of drinking water.
With high levels of contamination in the water bodies, many cities in India are likely to face a serious shortage of clean water in the years to come.
With World Environment day being celebrated across the globe, highlighting and creating awareness regarding environmental issues is a must on a global level.

‘Water ATMs the next necessity in a water-stressed country’: Startups take up cause.
The reports state that while aquifers provide 85 per cent of drinking water, their levels are falling in 56 per cent of the country.
"In a world that needs 350 billion litres of water every day, we aspire to deliver one billion litres per annum by 2018," says Parag Agarwal, Delhi-based founder of JanaJal, a company that has currently installed 100 water ATMs along with the IRCTC at railway stations in Mumbai, Delhi and Gujarat, while pursuing other projects in rural areas where status of clean water is in bad shape.
Among the latest and one of the firsts in the past two years, a Water ATM, providing potable drinking water at Rs 2 per litre was recently installed at Khoda village in Ghaziabad district by JanaJal.
"We are committed to make a difference and make Right to Water a distinct reality in the life of every Indian but for that, we also solicit and seek support from corporate India to further this cause in an affordable and sustainable manner and make this precious resource available to one and all," Agarwal said.
The water is procured from the nearest source, underground, lake, river or wells and sent to a lab before being uploaded on the ATMs.
"On the occasion of World Environment Day, we wish to point out that 2 billion people are suffering due to lack of access to safe drinking water.
The current availability of water per person per year in India is placed at roughly 1,745 cubic metres.
A Central Water Commission report states that over the past five decades, availability of fresh water has dropped from 3,000 cubic metres to 1,123 cubic metres today.
Sarkar, Director of Water Division at The Energy and Resources Institute (Teri), by 2050, India will be water-scarce.

Here are three of such startups.
The organisation provides smart water metering solutions to housing societies.
Through IoT technology, individual households are charged based on their actual consumption, thereby discouraging wastage of water.
Pollution, unavailability of reliable sources of water and unreasonably priced packaged drinking water are few of the problems faced by a whole generation living in the urban cities today, says Manas.
Approximately 30 percent of people in urban India rely on ‘bubble top’ water cans for drinking water.
Although the company is just a few months old, the impact of Prime filtered water is gaining ground.
With Elemento Aqua lake rejuvenation gets a technological push The burning Bellandur lake in Bengaluru or the frothing Hussain Sagar lake in Hyderabad— there is an urgent need to integrate technology with the lake rejuvenation projects.
Initially the lake had less than 1 milligram of oxygen per litre of water, with a visible 10-30 percent of waste cover.
Our pilot project in Ulsoor lake was a success in terms of technology.
The above mentioned organisations are few of the many startups working with the aim to solve water scarcity problems at various levels.

‘Water ATMs the next necessity in a water-stressed country’: Startups take up cause.
The reports state that while aquifers provide 85 per cent of drinking water, their levels are falling in 56 per cent of the country.
"In a world that needs 350 billion litres of water every day, we aspire to deliver one billion litres per annum by 2018," says Parag Agarwal, Delhi-based founder of JanaJal, a company that has currently installed 100 water ATMs along with the IRCTC at railway stations in Mumbai, Delhi and Gujarat, while pursuing other projects in rural areas where status of clean water is in bad shape.
Among the latest and one of the firsts in the past two years, a Water ATM, providing potable drinking water at Rs 2 per litre was recently installed at Khoda village in Ghaziabad district by JanaJal.
"We are committed to make a difference and make Right to Water a distinct reality in the life of every Indian but for that, we also solicit and seek support from corporate India to further this cause in an affordable and sustainable manner and make this precious resource available to one and all," Agarwal said.
The water is procured from the nearest source, underground, lake, river or wells and sent to a lab before being uploaded on the ATMs.
"On the occasion of World Environment Day, we wish to point out that 2 billion people are suffering due to lack of access to safe drinking water.
The current availability of water per person per year in India is placed at roughly 1,745 cubic metres.
A Central Water Commission report states that over the past five decades, availability of fresh water has dropped from 3,000 cubic metres to 1,123 cubic metres today.
Sarkar, Director of Water Division at The Energy and Resources Institute (Teri), by 2050, India will be water-scarce.

Here are three of such startups.
The organisation provides smart water metering solutions to housing societies.
Through IoT technology, individual households are charged based on their actual consumption, thereby discouraging wastage of water.
Pollution, unavailability of reliable sources of water and unreasonably priced packaged drinking water are few of the problems faced by a whole generation living in the urban cities today, says Manas.
Approximately 30 percent of people in urban India rely on ‘bubble top’ water cans for drinking water.
Although the company is just a few months old, the impact of Prime filtered water is gaining ground.
With Elemento Aqua lake rejuvenation gets a technological push The burning Bellandur lake in Bengaluru or the frothing Hussain Sagar lake in Hyderabad— there is an urgent need to integrate technology with the lake rejuvenation projects.
Initially the lake had less than 1 milligram of oxygen per litre of water, with a visible 10-30 percent of waste cover.
Our pilot project in Ulsoor lake was a success in terms of technology.
The above mentioned organisations are few of the many startups working with the aim to solve water scarcity problems at various levels.

The reports state that while aquifers provide 85 per cent of drinking water, their levels are falling in 56 per cent of the country.
At the same time, providing the rural-areas with affordable potable drinking water through water-ATMs is the next step, say people in business.
Among the latest and one of the firsts in past two years, a Water ATM, providing potable drinking water at Rs 2 per litre was recently installed at Khoda village in Ghaziabad district by JanaJal.
The first water ATM of UP was installed in Mathura.
"We are committed to make a difference and make Right to Water a distinct reality in the life of every Indian but for the we also solicit and seek support from corporate India to further this cause in an affordable and sustainable manner and make this precious resource available to one and all," Agarwal said.
The water is procured from the nearest source, underground, lake, river or wells and sent to lab before being uploaded on the ATMs.
"On the occasion of World Environment day, we wish to point out that 2 billion people are suffering due to lack of access to safe drinking water.
The current availability of water per person per year in India is placed at roughly 1,745 cubic metres.
A Central Water Commission report states that over the past five decades, availability of fresh water has dropped from 3,000 cubic metres to 1,123 cubic metres today.
At present about 1,123 billion cubic metres of fresh water is available in India of which 84 per cent is used in agriculture.

Article from U.S. Conference of Mayors: ‘Western Cities Water Supply Challenges’.
Local governments in California invested $10.9 billion in 2000 and doubled that investment to $21.5 billion by 2013.
Safe drinking water and protection of water quality are costly activities for local government, and strong local balance sheets and resources are a pre-requisite for investment.
Here too, like investment in water and sewer, California local government finances tell a positive story.
Public water and sewer are financed with a combination of debt and ‘fee for services’ revenues from customers (households/rate payers).
Fees for water and sewer services are usually a component of own source revenue.
The latest local government Census data in California indicates that own source revenue increased 88% from 2000 to 2014, and local investment in public water and sewer has risen along with and above the national average at 102%.
Cities introduce resiliency by diversifying water supply sources.
Mayors and national experts participating in the Santa Barbara conference discussed a variety of city and regional projects they are investing heavily in, and the information is emerging on the cost of these various diversification options compared to traditional single-source treatment costs.
A variety of local solution sets and practices were discussed and outlined in the linked article.

Ottawa funds clean water project for Enoch Cree Nation.
It’s been years since Enoch Cree Nation has had safe drinking water running from its taps.
Because of this, the First Nation community has had to rely on potable water brought in from neighbouring communities.
But now, the wait is over.
The $12.5-million project is part of the federal government’s plan to provide First Nations communities across the country with access to safe, clean drinking water.
At Enoch, it will include the construction of a new water supply line, water reservoir and pump house for the local First Nation.
“Working in partnership with Enoch Cree Nation, our government is supporting sustainable solutions to address water infrastructure on-reserve while ensuring water system operators have the training they need to succeed.” Morin is pleased by what the project will mean for the community — both in the daily life of residents and from a business perspective.
Committing investments over five years allows for long-term planning to improve on-reserve water and wastewater systems.
In November 2015, there were 77 long-term drinking water advisories affecting public systems on reserves funded by Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada.
As of January 2017, there were 71.