UMBC faculty address water pollution: Blaney, Swan, Baker.
The Conversation, Lee Blaney, assistant professor of chemical, biochemical and environmental engineering, describes how personal care products can negatively affect the environment and the health of animals and humans, and how his research is working to limit those harmful impacts.
Unfortunately, “[t]hese plants are not designed to treat the thousands of specialty chemicals in pharmaceuticals and personal care products,” Blaney notes.
“They are not equipped to handle the many ingredients of concern that are present in personal care products.” To reduce the impact these products have, Blaney says that the improvement of wastewater treatment technologies is crucial, as the chemicals in personal care products may threaten the health of people and aquatic animals, even when found at low concentrations.
For example, Matt Baker, professor of geography and environmental systems (GES), conducts research to better understand how direct runoff from agriculture and urban areas affects waterways.
His work has demonstrated that thickly vegetated zones along the banks of rivers and streams, called “riparian buffers,” can significantly reduce the amount of pollution that enters these waterways and ends up in the Bay.
His research seeks to green vacant lots with native plants, whose roots will absorb some city pollutants.
Blaney, Baker, and Swan are just a few of the many UMBC faculty focused on challenges related to the intricate relationships people have with their environments.
True of other challenges as well, Blaney says a “multi-pronged approach” will help today’s scientists, policymakers, and innovators to “continue to improve our quality of life without harming the environment.” Header image: The UMBC Library Pond.
Photo by Marlayna Demond ’11 for UMBC.

Long Island Sound water pollution study.
"We really are looking to get a sense of which of the bays and harbors have the most nitrogen in them and which ones are flushing better," said Tracy Brown, the director of Save the Sound, which is leading a privately funded unified water study.
The multiyear study will address a data gap by testing water quality in more than two dozen bays and harbors from Connecticut to Long Island.
One of the goals is quantifying the amount of pollution in the water coming from wastewater treatment plants, septic systems, stormwater runoff, and fertilizers.
"So if you have a lot of nitrogen pollution coming in, in some of these systems it really stays for a long time and that will get low oxygen, a lot of algal blooms growing."
Friends of the Bay is one of the nonprofit organizations involved.
They use a sonde to measure qualities, including dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, and water temperature.
"We do sampling in 14 locations in Cold Spring Harbor and Oyster Bay," Friends of the Bay Executive Director Paul DeOrsay said.
Organizations will test the water every two weeks at 25 sites from May through October.
Save the Sound plans to publish the results in the 2019 Long Island Sound report card.

It’s a potentially risky place to raise beef cattle, and Lochen knows it.
"Well, our kids and we swim in the lake too.
Lochen is aware that fertilizer or manure could run off his farm and pollute the lake, so he’s taken steps to keep that from happening.
Lochen enrolled in a water quality certification program for farmers like him.
An expert from the county soil and water conservation district came out and assessed Lochen’s farm to see where there might be a risk of water pollution.
But state officials say it’s growing.
"It’s not about putting this land into an idle program," Wohlman said.
"The main concern here is that farmers are certifiable, meaning that they would be exempt from future water quality requirements when in fact they are causing water quality pollution from nitrate pollution delivered via drain tile."
There’s also a question about whether this voluntary program is reaching problem farmers or those already using good conservation practices, like Chuck Uphoff, the first Stearns County farmer to become certified.
"It’s important to do what we can do to have success, to keep water quality not only where it is, but to get better."

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The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) received complaints last year that the flaring temperature of the landfill gas treatment facility of PPVRL had failed to reach the contractual requirement of 1 000 degrees Celsius, leading to the discharge of sub-standard leachate into the foul sewer and untreated leachate into a nearby stream.
An investigation team was subsequently set up by the EPD to conduct thorough investigation on the complaints.
A test conducted by the investigation team on-site in May 2016 found that the leachate treatment plant failed to handle leachate effectively, and was therefore required to suspend operation to conduct thorough repair works.
Regarding whether sub-standard effluent had been discharged from PPVRL, the investigation found that the leachate concentration was at relatively low levels as the landfill had been closed for many years and sometimes the leachate could meet the dry season discharge standard even without pre-treatment.
However, since the mixing of leachate could not meet the wet season discharge standard, the investigation team could not exclude the possibility that sub-standard discharge had happened given that the treatment plant could not handle the leachate effectively.
The follow-up actions taken by the EPD’s enforcement team found that the discharge of the leachate treatment plant during the period from May to mid-October 2016 repeatedly contravened the requirements of the licence issued under the Water Pollution Control Ordinance.
It was found that the total nitrogen level in the discharge exceeded the specified limit in the licence on eight occasions, the amount of discharge exceeded the discharge flow limit specified in the licence on 10 occasions, and the contractor also failed to notify the EPD immediately on two occasions when the amount of discharge exceeded the discharge flow limit.
The investigation team had referred the relevant information to the Police for follow-up on whether someone had deliberately provided inaccurate data or false statements to the EPD.
As the leachate treatment plant has failed to meet the contractual requirements of treating leachate effectively, the EPD has deducted operation payments according to the contract provisions.
The EPD will continue to closely monitor the operation of PPVRL.

The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) received complaints last year that the flaring temperature of the landfill gas treatment facility of PPVRL had failed to reach the contractual requirement of 1 000 degrees Celsius, leading to the discharge of sub-standard leachate into the foul sewer and untreated leachate into a nearby stream.
A test conducted by the investigation team on-site in May 2016 found that the leachate treatment plant failed to handle leachate effectively, and was therefore required to suspend operation to conduct thorough repair works.
Regarding whether sub-standard effluent had been discharged from PPVRL, the investigation found that the leachate concentration was at relatively low levels as the landfill had been closed for many years and sometimes the leachate could meet the dry season discharge standard even without pre-treatment.
However, since the mixing of leachate could not meet the wet season discharge standard, the investigation team could not exclude the possibility that sub-standard discharge had happened given that the treatment plant could not handle the leachate effectively.
The follow-up actions taken by the EPD’s enforcement team found that the discharge of the leachate treatment plant during the period from May to mid-October 2016 repeatedly contravened the requirements of the licence issued under the Water Pollution Control Ordinance.
It was found that the total nitrogen level in the discharge exceeded the specified limit in the licence on eight occasions, the amount of discharge exceeded the discharge flow limit specified in the licence on 10 occasions, and the contractor also failed to notify the EPD immediately on two occasions when the amount of discharge exceeded the discharge flow limit.
The investigation team had referred the relevant information to the Police for follow-up on whether someone had deliberately provided inaccurate data or false statements to the EPD.
A spokesman for the EPD said that the department is gravely concerned about the management and monitoring by the contractors of its facilities.
As the leachate treatment plant has failed to meet the contractual requirements of treating leachate effectively, the EPD has deducted operation payments according to the contract provisions.
The investigation findings (English only) have been uploaded to the EPD’s website for public viewing (http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/studyrpts/waste_studyrpts.html" target="_blank">www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/studyrpts/waste_studyrpts.html).

Time for TVA, state regulators to step up.
George Walker IV / The Tennessean In light of the Environmental Protection Agency’s recent, unfounded decision to put the brakes on requiring coal plants to limit toxic water pollution in our rivers and streams nationwide, Middle Tennesseans should demand that the Board of Directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority make good on its own promise to protect our clean water.
Eight years ago, the TVA Board acknowledged that the catastrophic coal ash spill it had caused at the Kingston coal plant “has eroded public trust in TVA and called into question TVA’s commitment to environmental stewardship.” In response, the TVA Board promised to switch to dry handling of its coal ash waste at all of its coal plants.
This move threatens to have an outsized effect on Tennessee, home to the biggest mercury-polluting plant in the country.
The Cumberland Fossil Plant, which in 2015 dumped 120 pounds of mercury into the Cumberland River, is one of several Tennessee Valley Authority coal-fired power plants polluting our rivers just upstream from our drinking water sources across the state.
Prior to Pruitt’s decision, TVA had asked our state environmental agency, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, for nearly the maximum extension allowable by the rule at several sites.
But our state regulator, TDEC, can help ensure that TVA keeps its promise.
Pruitt has suggested that states are well-suited to regulate water pollution within their borders.
Regardless of the rule Pruitt has sought to halt, the Clean Water Act has long required TDEC to set specific limits on TVA’s toxic waste water pollution at each coal plant.
Let’s take this opportunity to tell the TVA and TDEC we’ve waited long enough for clean water in Tennessee.

Water pollution is a national issue.
Today, many Navajo have to choose between risking cancer or traveling many miles to access water.
Within the Appalachian region, coal companies have also disposed of waste in ways that have poisoned numerous towns’ water supplies.
What these places all have in common is the people that live there are not powerful enough to have their concerns taken seriously.
West Virginia is the third-poorest state in the country; the Navajo also face high rates of poverty and oppression along racial lines.
Similarly, Flint has a large black population.
Companies are driven to exploit land and labor because of the profit that it brings them.
Though poverty exists because of systemic factors, many people justify its existence by saying that poor people deserve to be poor because they have not worked hard enough — along with many other negative stereotypes.
Because of their negative attitudes towards impoverished people, individuals in power ignore their concerns.
Finally, racism and capitalism are deeply intertwined.

‘Air & water pollution, especially in Delhi-NCR, matter of concern’.
New Delhi: After taking over charge of the environment ministry on Monday, Dr. Harsh Vardhan said air and water pollution is a matter of concern for the whole country, in general, and especially Delhi and NCR.
He added the matter needs to be addressed on priority by the environment ministry.
Harsh Vardhan assumed charge of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change after the sudden demise of Anil Madhav Dave, the former environment minister.
Harsh Vardhan said the environment ministry will always keep in mind the last wish of late Dave of environmental protection by planting, protecting and nurturing trees and of cleaning rivers and ponds.
The minister reviewed the key areas of concern and priority with the Secretary and other senior officers of the ministry.
During the review meeting, it has been acknowledged that there are many immediate and complex issues of environment, forest and climate change, which will need collective and concerted efforts.
Harsh Vardhan and the environment ministry officials also discussed the progress of work and the key initiatives taken in the last 3 years of the government.
He acknowledged that there are many immediate and complex issues of environment, forest and climate change, which will need collective and concerted efforts.
The minister also underlined that Climate Change and the commitments of India in the Paris agreement are other important challenges.

Wastewater treatment and Sustainable development.
Why in news?
Industrial water consumption accounts for 22% of the global water used, when public awareness of pollution is limited the cost of pollution to our health and the ecosystem is huge.
What is the problem in India?
Traditional wastewater treatment plants may not remove certain pollutants.
The industrial sector in India discharges around 30,730 million cubic metres of effluents, without proper treatment, into water bodies.
Run-off from agriculture fields is another major source of pollution.
What are the water Management strategies?
Market-based strategies such as environmental taxes, pollution levies should be implemented.
The benefits to our health, and in terms of economic development and environmental sustainability, business opportunities and ‘green’ jobs far compensate the costs of wastewater management.