Despite the country’s water scarcity, waste water pumped into the rivers and dams is often not clean enough, polluting this increasingly scarce resource.
According to the latest Green Drop Report, which measures the health of the country’s waste water infrastructure, more than 80% of SA’s waste-water treatment facilities are not functioning properly.
Only 135 of the 824 waste-water treatment facilities are functioning well.
This means that human effluent and waste are entering the country’s water systems, threatening the health and livelihood of people who depend on rivers and dams for potable water or for irrigation.
Testing water for pathogens such as E Coli is difficult.
The CSIR’s rapid test, known as ColiSpot, can test for E Coli within a day, says Klariska Moodley, a senior research engineer and project manager at the CSIR.
The ColiSpot system consists of a flow test, which is similar to a home pregnancy test, a filter and incubation gear, which includes an oven and nutrients to grow bacteria.
After six hours, you can test for the presence of E Coli, says Moodley.
She says results for municipal Blue Drop, or potable water quality, and Green Drop (sewerage outflow water quality) are falling across the country.
"We aim to keep the cost of the test below R50 a sample, but when large-scale manufacturing is taken into account, this price could be further reduced," Moodley says.

South Beloit moves toward plant loan.
SOUTH BELOIT — The South Beloit City Council took a preliminary step in applying for an Illinois Environmental Protection Agency Water Pollution Control Loan to assist in financing a new wastewater treatment plant.
City Attorney Roxanne Sosnowski told council members at their meeting Monday the city engineering firm, Fehr Graham, now will prepare a loan application to be submitted to the program.
Once terms of a loan have been finalized, the agreement will come back to the city council for review and final approval.
No amount or terms for repayment have been presented yet, said council member Linda Chambers.
The city is planning to construct a new wastewater treatment plant with an estimated cost of $27.8 million.
City officials have talked about a new sewer plant for at least eight years as previous and current city council members have argued the current facility is outdated and not effective to handle future needs of the citys population or business community.
The sewer plant was built in 1955 with expansions in 1968, 1977 and 1986.
He said the sewer plant is handling about 3.5 million gallons a day currently when it was taking in about 2 million gallons a day at this time last year.
Reininger said the groundwater leaking into the sanitary sewer system is most likely not coming from the areas that recently were repaired, but there may be new leaks.

The Trump administration got an earful Tuesday from people who say federal rules limiting air and water pollution aren’t tough enough, even as it was seeking suggestions about what environmental regulations it should gut.
The Environmental Protection Agency held a three-hour "virtual listening session" on Tuesday to collect public comments by phone about which clean water regulations should be targeted for repeal, replacement or modification.
The call was part of the agency’s response to President Donald Trump’s order to get rid of regulations that are burdensome to business and industry.
"I actually enjoy breathing clean air and drinking clean water and would find it quite burdensome not to," said Emily Key, who identified herself as a citizen worried about what cancer-causing chemicals children may be exposed to.
"I’m from Pittsburgh, where our skies were dark at noon and people changed their shirts at lunch because they were filthy from the smoke from the mills," Doug Blair told EPA.
"I oppose any rollback of environmental protections premised on the ‘jobs vs. the environment’ dilemma.
Since his appointment by Trump, EPA Administrator Scott Pruitt has been accepting confidential petitions from lawyers and lobbyists for businesses asking him to eliminate regulations affecting their profits.
An example came last month when Pruitt acted against the recommendations of his own agency’s scientists to reverse an Obama-era effort to bar the use of a widely-used pesticide on fruits and vegetables.
Recent peer-reviewed studies found that even tiny levels of exposure of Dow Chemcial’s chlorpyrifos could hinder the development of children’s brains.
In his prior job as Oklahoma’s attorney general, Pruitt often aligned himself in legal disputes with the interests of executives and corporations who supported his state campaigns.

KCC: Dow water pollution will not affect sports complex construction.
CHARLESTON, W.Va. — The Kanawha County Commission says West Virginia State University’s lawsuit against Dow Chemical in connection with alleged groundwater contamination will not stop the commission’s exploration of a multi-sports complex at nearby Shawnee Park.
“There’s no health risk to those who are actually playing at the golf course located next door in Institute and there doesn’t appear to be any reason to delay the project for the sports complex,” Commissioner Ben Salango told 580-WCHS Monday afternoon.
The commission and Kanawha County Parks released a joint statement Monday.
Salango said they remain committed to the Institute community to provide recreational opportunities.
It’s also important for the youth in Kanawha County to be able to play there — baseball, lacrosse, football, soccer, those types of sports — so we want to move forward with the project,” he said.
Salango said while “it’s not a surprise there are chemicals in the chemical valley,” he believes WVSU did what it had to do to take protective measures.
The lawsuit, he said, has not created an issue between Dow and the county.
“I don’t think the county’s relationship with Dow has been damaged,” he said.
“This is an issue between West Virginia State and Dow.” A Dow spokesperson previously said in a statement, “It is unfortunate the university chose this path, given our partnership with them over many years.” The county has contacted the state DEP to obtain additional information and studies regarding underground water issues at the school’s campus.

Essay on water pollution in bangladesh rivers.
Essay on water pollution in bangladesh rivers 20 water pollution facts for the United States and throughout the world give us a glimpse into the devastating effects of pollution to inspire action for prevention.
Simple changes like While many parts of the world face major challenges due to limited freshwater availability, a significant amount of the limited freshwater resources in the world are Oceans are polluted by oil on a daily basis from oil spills, routine shipping, run-offs and dumping.
2) Polluted water can lead to Although inhabited and remote, South Sentinel island is covered with plastic!
Water pollution means the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater).
Water pollution mostly occurs when pollutants are dumped pollution.
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.
IGCSE Rivers and GCSE Rivers Specification: 2.2.2 River processes Candidates should be able to: • Demonstrate an understanding of the work of a river in eroding The Ganges flows only 200 km through the Himalayas.
The environmental pollution affect the health of more than 120 million people worldwide.
Referring to the expectation of the time that the U.S. population might exceed 300 million by

Here’s an overview of some of the key concerns: Groundwater contamination: One big concern is whether the chemicals used in fracking or the natural gas itself could contaminate people’s drinking water.
In recent years, fracking wells have blown out in states like North Dakota.
In another incident, thousands of gallons of fracking fluid leaked out of a storage tank in Dimock, Pennsylvania.
The Environmental Protection Agency is currently conducting a big study into this type of contamination and how to prevent it.
A second question is whether chemicals or natural gas could somehow migrate from the fracked shale layer thousands of feet up into the groundwater — even if the wells are perfectly constructed.
Environmental Protection Agency Wastewater pollution: A separate issue is what happens with all that water after it has been used to crack open shale and is pumped back up to the surface.
But when there aren’t enough injection wells available, the water is either stored in tanks and holding ponds or sent off to treatment plants.
That raises the risk of either accidental spills or improper treatment.
Air pollution: Once an area of shale has been fracked, natural gas begins flowing up out of the well.
In 2012, the EPA began requiring oil and gas companies to limit these emissions and capture the escaped gas.

KCC: Dow water pollution will not affect sports complex construction.
CHARLESTON, W.Va. — The Kanawha County Commission says West Virginia State University’s lawsuit against Dow Chemical in connection with alleged groundwater contamination will not stop the commission’s exploration of a multi-sports complex at nearby Shawnee Park.
“There’s no health risk to those who are actually playing at the golf course located next door in Institute and there doesn’t appear to be any reason to delay the project for the sports complex,” Commissioner Ben Salango told MetroNews Monday afternoon.
The commission and Kanawha County Parks released a joint statement Monday.
Salango said they remain committed to the Institute community to provide recreational opportunities.
It’s also important for the youth in Kanawha County to be able to play there — baseball, lacrosse, football, soccer, those types of sports — so we want to move forward with the project,” he said.
Salango said while “it’s not a surprise there are chemicals in the chemical valley,” he believes WVSU did what it had to do to take protective measures.
The lawsuit, he said, has not created an issue between Dow and the county.
“I don’t think the county’s relationship with Dow has been damaged,” he said.
“This is an issue between West Virginia State and Dow.” A Dow spokesperson previously said in a statement, “It is unfortunate the university chose this path, given our partnership with them over many years.” The county has contacted the state DEP to obtain additional information and studies regarding underground water issues at the school’s campus.

AACC supports green college.
AACC’S Arnold campus is home to dozens of environmentally friendly features.
The cultivation of rain gardens around major storm drains on campus reduces water pollution, Dawson said.
“[They’re} a great opportunity for students to participate in the green efforts.” AACC students, under the supervision of Dr. Susan Lamont, maintain the rain gardens around campus.
In addition, AACC reduced its water user by 42 percent in the library by installing low-flushing toilets, motion-activated sinks and a rooftop rain garden.
Dawson said the 75,000-square-foot Andrew G. Truxal Library has reduced its energy use by 50 percent since AACC remodeled it according to LEED standards.
Devin Valcich, an environmental science major, said the library is “cool … because of all the efforts we are taking to make it green.
The school I transferred from didn’t have that, so I appreciate it.” Outdoors, solar panels cover Parking Lot B as part of Project Sunburst.
AACC encourages students and staff to be mindful of the impact each person can have on the environment.
Additionally, the campus features multiple bike racks; charging stations for electric cars; and recycling bins around campus.

Calls for a regulator to prosecute sewage spills into Waitemata Harbour.
Several groups are banding together under the Stop Auckland Sewage Overflows Coalition to reverse the city’s shame of more than one million litres of wastewater and raw sewage pouring into the harbour every year.
Water pollution is a buried problem which is now surfacing all over the city There are concerns Auckland Council is skimping on stormwater and wastewater problems and matters will get worse with at least 800 new homes due to be built in the next three years in the inner city suburbs.
The society wants New Zealand to follow the United States, UK and Canada and create a Government-funded regulator with coercive powers.
It wants the regulator to be independent of Auckland Council, which is the provider and regulator of water services.
Continued below.
The coalition said the days of the former Auckland Regional Council "looking over the shoulder" of the separate councils on water management had been replaced with Auckland Council’s Unitary Plan appearing to permit stormwater overflows.
It was not acceptable for the policing on a national matter such as water to be left to Auckland Council’s stormwater unit, known as Healthy Waters, the submission said.
What is the Stop Auckland Sewage Overflows Coalition?
About 14 community and environmental groups from Mission Bay to Whau Creek gave initial support for the initiative.

Essay type of pollution in water.
Water Pollution.
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there are other causes of this particular type of water pollution.
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