New study explores plant adaptations to drought and cold stress.
While researchers have been uncovering one distinctive gene co-expression network after another in recent years, "Most people have stopped there and thrown their hands up," says Scarpino, a former Santa Fe Institute Omidyar Fellow and current professor at the University of Vermont.
Understanding interactions between different gene networks, which are evolved to respond to different stressors, and understanding natural variation in these responses could have important agricultural applications in challenging environments.
This study focused on the small, flowering plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, which is part of the Brassicaceae ⁄ Cruciferae family along with cabbage and broccoli.
These two responses differ strategically and in evolutionary age.
During drought, the differentiated tissues of roots, stems, and leaves each performs distinctive operations.
But when the environment cools, the cells in every tissue cope similarly, and by means that might as well have been applied, in prototype, by single-celled ancestors eons ago.
Scarpino and co-authors David Des Marais (Harvard University), Rafael Guerrero (Indiana University), and Jesse Lasky (Pennsylvania State University) found that the genes that specifically cooperated during cold mapped to central, broadly networked positions within the roughly 10,000-gene network.
Their distinct organizations also might explain why there is more natural genetic variation in drought hardiness than against cold across Arabidopsis thaliana.
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0914