Paper: ‘How Transaction Costs Obstruct Collective Action: Evidence from California’s Groundwater’.
Abstract Collective action to remedy the losses of open access to common-pool resources often is late and incomplete, extending rent dissipation.
Examples include persistent over-exploitation of oil fields and ocean fisheries, despite general agreement that production constraints are needed.
Transaction costs encountered in assigning property rights are an explanation, but analysis of their role is limited by a lack of systematic data.
We examine governance institutions in California’s 445 groundwater basins using a new dataset to identify factors that influence the adoption of extraction controls.
In 309 basins, institutions allow unconstrained pumping, while an additional 105 basins have weak management plans.
This research adds to the literatures on open access, transaction costs, bargaining, and property rights.
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"If a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics."
– Francis Bacon