CRS Report: ‘Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) – History and Overview’.
Summary Congress established the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) through the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (P.L.
The act states, “The primary function of the OSTP Director is to provide, within the Executive Office of the President [EOP], advice on the scientific, engineering, and technological aspects of issues that require attention at the highest level of Government.” Further, “The Office shall serve as a source of scientific and technological analysis and judgment for the President with respect to major policies, plans, and programs of the Federal Government.” The President nominates the OSTP Director, who is subject to confirmation by the Senate.
While Congress can require the OSTP Director to testify, the APST may decline requests to testify on the basis of separation of powers or executive privilege.
The APST manages the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), an interagency body established by Executive Order 12881 that coordinates science and technology (S&T) policy across the federal government.
The APST also co-chairs the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST), a council of external advisors established by Executive Order 13539 that provides advice to the President.
Several recurrent OSTP issues face Congress: the need for science advice within the EOP; the title, rank, and responsibilities of the OSTP Director; the policy areas for OSTP focus; the funding and staffing for OSTP; the roles and functions of OSTP and NSTC in setting federal science and technology policy; and the status and influence of PCAST.
"Nothing in life is to be feared, it is only to be understood.
Now is the time to understand more, so that we may fear less."
– Marie Curie